It was fun doing
Corpus survey · 2,377,082,898 words · 164,573,969 sentences · 2026-09-01

It was fun doing …

主語 it + be + 形容詞のあとに V-ing が来るか to do が来るかを、23.8 億語(話し言葉 35%)を全数走査して形容詞ごとに数えた。サンプリングなし。

It is 形 V-ing 25,656It is 形 to do 629,827

worth を除く全形容詞の合算。V-ing は to の約 1/25 — 「少数派だが、nice / great / fun / weird / hard / easy では千件単位で普通に出る形」。

worth
98%
V-ing 専用(15,150 : 281)。to の例は非母語の学術文
反応・感情の形容詞
10〜49%
weird 40 · awkward 36 · frustrating 25 · scary 24 · fun 17 · great 13 · nice 10
判断・当為・可能性
≈ 0%
important / necessary / possible / illegal は It is 形 V-ing にならない(前置なら可)
意味の差
V-ing は過去形 2 倍・完了 5 倍。to は would 3 倍

0先に結論

1何を数えたか

主語 it + コピュラ(be / seem / feel / sound / get …)+ 述語のあとに続く形を、述語ごとに全数集計。各ヒットにコピュラの時制(過去・現在・完了・助動詞の種類)、否定、強意副詞、埋め込み動詞、その目的語の種類、出典レジスターを記録した。

フレーム件数(形容詞のみ)
It is 形 V-ingIt was fun doing that.40,806(うち worth 15,150)
It is 形 to doIt was fun to do that.630,108
It is 形 that …It is clear that …参考
It is 形 for NP to doIt is important for him to attend.参考
It is 形 him V-ingIt's weird you asking me.289
It is 形 his V-ingIt was odd his being there.88
V-ing … is 形(前置)Doing that was fun.62,665
To do … is 形(前置)To do that is fun.4,285

除外したノイズ:slow going / rough going(idiom)、It's likely going toIt's too busy trying(指示の it)、It's important going forward(副詞的分詞)、It's not possible using X(手段)、前置詞化した分詞(including / following / depending …)。

2形容詞ランキング — V-ing 率順

V-ing 率 = V-ing ÷ (V-ing + to)。前置率 = Doing X is 形 ÷(前置 + 外置 V-ing)。過去%・助動詞%・否定% はコピュラの時制(左 = V-ing / 右 = to)。外置 V-ing が 30 件以上の形容詞のみ。

V-ingto do
形容詞It is 形 V-ingIt is 形 to doV-ing 率Doing X is 形前置率過去%助動詞%否定%V-ing の主な動詞
A V-ing が主流 V-ing率 ≥ 50%
worth15,15028198%3572%10 / 98 / 614 / 12note, mention, point out, remember, try
worth V-ing 専用。to は非母語の学術文
lonely813371%4636%15 / 922 / 330 / 0be, live, have, grow up, work
rough1266267%7136%30 / 1422 / 160 / 0go, be, have, get, try
半分は idiom rough going
B どちらも普通 V-ing率 20〜50%
stressful798149%19271%28 / 1414 / 201 / 1have, be, know, get, watch
different17719248%75081%25 / 195 / 52 / 2be, come, have, see, go
It's different being…(経験の比較)
weird9871,46240%12611%36 / 298 / 121 / 2be, see, have, talk, know
exhausting8614038%15164%28 / 2615 / 140 / 1try, be, have, watch, talk
awkward19334236%7728%40 / 2820 / 284 / 3be, have, try, see, talk
eerie366635%614%44 / 488 / 80 / 0be, stand, see, walk, hear
tiring5611633%7156%16 / 1614 / 160 / 1be, try, have, hold, write
bad6531,78527%1,37568%33 / 1710 / 1823 / 22have, be, be+過分, know, get
surreal7521326%3029%64 / 601 / 11 / 0be, see, watch, have, look
frustrating22366325%9931%29 / 1714 / 170 / 0be, know, try, have, watch
comfortable7624424%9756%32 / 2814 / 1325 / 22be, lie, talk, have, sleep
scary17757724%15547%32 / 2112 / 81 / 2be, know, see, go, have
boring6421223%15471%11 / 1117 / 242 / 3be, sit, wait, do, look
annoying9330923%6541%25 / 1812 / 131 / 1have, be, see, get, know
worthwhile19671122%2210%11 / 730 / 347 / 5note, go, investigate, take, do
awful12144322%10647%36 / 2417 / 182 / 1be, have, watch, see, try
uncomfortable7227321%6447%28 / 2628 / 180 / 2be, have, live, sit, see
strange4781,91520%10518%43 / 4610 / 80 / 3see, be, have, come, talk
C V-ing は少数派だが定着 V-ing率 8〜20%
odd18179518%4219%54 / 508 / 100 / 2see, be, have, come, watch
enjoyable3114118%5765%29 / 300 / 133 / 9watch, talk, listen, be, play
horrible10047417%7442%38 / 2710 / 143 / 1be, have, see, watch, know
fun1,1255,37017%78741%40 / 1811 / 3410 / 6watch, be, have, see, get
tricky8038517%32980%16 / 1028 / 280 / 2get, try, know, find, deal
overwhelming3617317%12778%39 / 1839 / 420 / 0try, deal, come, have, go
pointless15380616%24862%23 / 339 / 121 / 0try, talk, go, have, be
funny3151,83215%8722%34 / 233 / 403 / 3see, watch, be, look, have
tough8695,10315%62342%17 / 1014 / 150 / 1be, go, get, have, try
awesome12372015%20763%43 / 269 / 282 / 1have, see, be, get, watch
terrible8752314%9652%36 / 2217 / 213 / 3be, have, be+過分, see, try
great1,4809,75213%82836%42 / 185 / 131 / 1have, see, be, talk, work
great seeing / having / working / catching up が中心
neat4329813%1526%44 / 307 / 260 / 1see, have, be, watch, meet
hilarious3324712%2543%67 / 270 / 480 / 0watch, see, be, hear, listen
beautiful4335211%5857%40 / 367 / 50 / 1see, watch, look, come, have
cool3032,50611%24945%46 / 2010 / 334 / 7see, have, be, know, look
wonderful2772,28311%8824%29 / 238 / 140 / 0have, be, see, work, talk
nice2,84224,96310%37912%46 / 176 / 242 / 2have, talk, see, be, know
nice talking / seeing / having / meeting you が中心
useless1441,26910%22060%23 / 254 / 141 / 0try, talk, look, tell, ask
pleasant7767810%5542%42 / 369 / 2135 / 27be, talk, see, have, walk
V-ing の 35% が否定
lovely10492210%1513%30 / 267 / 130 / 0have, see, be, chat, get
embarrassing6054010%5447%40 / 2610 / 142 / 2have, be, know, watch, walk
risky6561410%27681%32 / 2211 / 190 / 0do, be, take, bring, go
crazy838399%10756%34 / 206 / 141 / 8see, look, be, watch, go
amazing2032,1039%19749%42 / 292 / 70 / 0watch, be, see, have, look
D ほぼ to。ただし高頻度語は絶対数が多い V-ing率 < 8%
hot455288%6760%49 / 389 / 84 / 4watch, come, wear, stand, go
天候・体感の it が混じる
fantastic313668%6367%58 / 283 / 110 / 0have, be, meet, see, work
exciting1091,3288%15258%31 / 2614 / 124 / 1be, watch, see, go, have
complicated313987%22788%3 / 176 / 160 / 6be, try, have, get, study
cold364717%3650%36 / 4311 / 73 / 8stand, sit, look, work, walk
sad1091,4477%5333%38 / 186 / 70 / 0see, have, watch, be, leave
incredible486357%5252%38 / 272 / 30 / 0watch, be, look, see, work
painful871,2536%26075%44 / 4113 / 92 / 2watch, see, be+過分, have, be
fascinating631,2395%3938%30 / 1714 / 240 / 0watch, talk, see, get, be
easy2,47951,8395%3,85961%22 / 1711 / 1674 / 14be, get, go, find, live
V-ing の 74% が否定 It's not easy being…
dangerous1302,9144%75785%16 / 1815 / 151 / 1be, go, have, get, try
fine521,2144%55191%10 / 1017 / 92 / 1be, get, have, do, go
stupid501,2484%26284%30 / 306 / 220 / 2come, have, get, say, be
silly421,1034%8767%29 / 1812 / 200 / 1get, make, say, do, keep
ridiculous359923%10575%29 / 236 / 123 / 2talk, come, have, go on, watch
good1,20337,4253%1,90761%44 / 194 / 124 / 3see, have, be, talk, know
会話の good seeing / talking to you が中心
interesting50916,2223%17726%39 / 87 / 471 / 0watch, see, listen, hear, talk
expensive331,2553%41993%0 / 1015 / 173 / 3be, have, raise, fly, maintain
right853,3482%28277%28 / 2415 / 1238 / 30be, have, keep, leave, get
cheap331,3482%18585%18 / 1712 / 2115 / 6do, buy, look, take, run
hard1,99983,4842%2,37654%28 / 1711 / 92 / 5be, get, go, have, try
difficult69439,2342%2,45678%31 / 1619 / 162 / 5get, be, try, have, go
wrong453,9601%44591%56 / 262 / 180 / 7come, leave, take, be, let
safe719,5601%26479%24 / 1810 / 831 / 10have, leave, be, rid out, take
V-ing の 31% が否定
fair317,4970%8072%26 / 76 / 964 / 20come, ask, go, have, let
V-ing の 65% が否定
生徒向けの言い方:気持ち・感想の形容詞なら It was ~ doing と言える。重要・必要・可能・違法など「判断」の形容詞は Doing ~ is important と前に出す(It is important doing とは言わない)。

3動名詞を外置しない形容詞(判断・当為・可能性)

It is 形 V-ing がほぼ 0 なのに、Doing X is 形(前置)は多い。to 不定詞は外置が普通。important の V-ing 38 件も中身は important going forward / coming up の副詞的分詞がほとんど。

形容詞It is 形 V-ingDoing X is 形It is 形 to doTo do X is 形It is 形 for … toIt is 形 that
important382,80842,4021188,71614,541
essential21,2852,879383621,557
crucial01,2841,75712292698
impossible2076321,936885,1491,173
key166411862853
simple156211,4154018373
critical354095132661,048
wrong454453,96054881299
necessary443413,2571872,0961,110
vital23757099172915
common53351,58341,788242
useful292972,3091328334
illegal12902,21386886
helpful262791,665826973
straightforward423239961011
okay142145,215291,246431
normal231911,26312973317
beneficial118361622247
natural191562,05999921,226
ok111514,00210994219

4to do もいけるか — 位置の対称性

V-ingto 不定詞
外置 It is 形 ___40,806630,108
前置 ___ is 形62,6654,285

動名詞は前に置くのが基本(前置 61%)、不定詞は後ろに回すのが基本(外置 99.3%)。 To do X is ADJ は実質使われない(0.7%)。

形容詞ごとの前置率:判断系 important 99% / essential 100% / impossible 97% / possible 94% / necessary 99% / illegal 100%。難易度 hard 54% / easy 61% / difficult 78% / tough 42%。反応系 nice 12% / worth 2% / weird 11% / lovely 13% / strange 18% / odd 19% / wonderful 24% / interesting 26% / great 36% / fun 41%

つまり「真主語が動名詞になりやすい形容詞」とは、正確には「動名詞を後ろに回してもよい形容詞」= 反応・感情の形容詞である。

5意味の差

worth を除く全形容詞の合算。

手がかりIt is 形 V-ingIt is 形 to do読み
コピュラが過去形 (was)34.0%17.8%V-ing は「起きたこと」
 話し言葉の中だけ23.0%9.2%レジスターを揃えても 2.5 倍
 書き言葉の中だけ48.1%24.1%同 2 倍
現在完了 (has been)6.2%1.2%It's been great working with you
助動詞つき9.5%14.4%to は仮定・一般論
 うち would2.5%7.7%It would be nice / fun / interesting to …
否定 (isn't / not)11.2%7.3%It's not easy being …
目的語が it / that / him など16.4%9.7%既に話題の出来事を指す
話し言葉の割合56.3%42.0%
学術文の割合0.7%10.1%学術文は V-ing をほぼ使わない

形容詞別に見るともっと鮮明

形容詞過去形% V-ing / towould% V-ing / to典型例(V-ing)典型例(to)
nice46 / 171.9 / 17.7It was nice seeing you again.It would be nice to have a garden.
great42 / 181.0 / 10.2It's been great catching up with you.It would be great to see you.
good44 / 191.7 / 7.5It was so good seeing you.It's good to know.
fun40 / 182.9 / 21.9It's fun watching football.It would be fun to travel together.
cool46 / 203.3 / 28.1It was cool seeing them live.It would be cool to have one.
funny34 / 230.6 / 37.7It was funny watching him try.It would be funny to see that.
interesting39 / 80.4 / 12.1It was very interesting watching their body language.It would be interesting to see what happens.
weird36 / 293.0 / 7.8It was really weird seeing her.It would be weird to ask now.
hard28 / 171.5 / 3.4It's been hard being away from the family.It's hard to believe.
wrong56 / 262.2 / 15.8It was wrong leaving him there.It would be wrong to assume that.
V-ing = 実際に体験した(している)出来事への感想。to = 一般論・仮定・提案。 両方使える形容詞でも、It would be fun doing that より It would be fun to do thatIt was fun to do that より It was fun doing that に寄る。「意味が違う」というより「何を評価しているか」が違う:V-ing は行為の体験そのもの、to は行為の可能性や一般的性質。

6動詞で決まる

worth を除く全形容詞を合算し、埋め込み動詞ごとの V-ing 率。体験・活動の動詞は V-ing が出やすく、認知・伝達・命題の動詞はほぼ to 専用(hard to believe / imagine / understand / explain / tell / say は目的語が空所の tough 構文で、動名詞にならない)。

動詞形 V-ing形 to VV-ing 率
try6262,74918%
work4121,86918%
come4462,10618%
talk1,0205,41616%
live3351,78716%
watch8625,24214%
go1,2807,86114%
look4523,99110%
be3,63732,35010%
walk1601,45410%
have2,72428,5729%
know81212,4136%
be + 過去分詞4126,3506%
play1342,1136%
meet3034,9516%
move911,7245%
get1,14324,3724%
see2,08545,2234%
leave1352,9294%
read831,7834%
call832,2194%
hear2436,7934%
start702,0333%
do36912,3543%
have + 過去分詞421,4823%
stay662,5183%
make2289,6132%
keep1757,4512%
put763,3552%
kill351,5482%
find25011,4132%
take1406,4312%
let723,3262%
use1236,0092%
ask593,4042%
give483,0092%
explain422,9611%
tell13410,3731%
change251,8351%
feel272,6041%
say17522,9911%
think678,3281%
compare101,6801%
remember203,8980%
avoid81,5030%
stop81,7890%
forget71,7410%
note248,6720%
believe176,7460%
imagine145,4870%
point out41,4960%
determine53,2010%
identify31,9780%
understand55,5990%
predict21,7870%
expect21,5930%
assume03,5730%
consider02,4850%
obtain01,6930%
distinguish01,5950%

7教科書の定番ペア — Nice to meet you / Nice meeting you

主語なしの形(Nice meeting you!)も含めて別集計。you つきの用例だけを数え、左の語(was / 's / been / would be / 文頭)で時制を判定した。「文頭」は主語もコピュラも無い形。

組合せ件数文頭(主語なし)現在 (it's)過去 (it was)完了 (it's been)助動詞 (would be)
nice … meet you
V-ing 15%
meeting you1,33837%6%42%5%0%
to meet you7,56654%20%8%0%0%
nice … see you
V-ing 7%
seeing you56137%14%35%6%0%
to see you6,94457%23%3%0%1%
nice … talk you
V-ing 63%
talking you67641%7%31%15%0%
to talk you40463%22%6%1%0%
nice … know you
V-ing 46%
knowing you24630%2%27%36%1%
to know you29425%48%1%3%2%
good … see you
V-ing 4%
seeing you58148%17%24%3%0%
to see you15,31760%28%2%0%0%
good … talk you
V-ing 16%
talking you27358%10%18%8%0%
to talk you1,45570%23%2%1%0%
great … see you
V-ing 8%
seeing you33534%19%38%6%0%
to see you3,91859%28%3%0%1%
great … talk you
V-ing 26%
talking you22545%12%18%18%0%
to talk you63465%25%4%2%0%
great … work you
V-ing 90%
working you6022%13%33%22%3%
to work you714%29%0%14%29%
pleasure … meet you
V-ing 17%
meeting you36219%15%38%19%0%
to meet you1,81527%40%8%2%0%
pleasure … work you
V-ing 81%
working you13914%9%25%36%6%
to work you3324%27%18%15%3%
lovely … meet you
V-ing 15%
meeting you5120%8%51%14%0%
to meet you29935%25%19%3%0%

8名詞述語 — It is no use / a pleasure / a waste of time

名詞述語でも同じ構図:感情・体験(no fun / hell / hard work / torture / a blast / a nightmare / a pleasure)は V-ing が多く、判断(a good idea / a mistake / an honor)は to。a mistake の V-ing は 83% が過去形=「あれは間違いだった」。

述語It is … V-ingIt is … to doV-ing 率Doing X is …過去%助動詞%V-ing の主な動詞
no good4928685%013 / 41 / 4try, say, ask, talk, be
no use1,15120885%2415 / 121 / 4try, talk, pretend, tell, go
no fun21510667%658 / 80 / 1be, have, be+過分, play, live
hell1378562%4742 / 2112 / 33be, try, get, live, have
hard work13410356%028 / 336 / 12be, get, make, find, do
fun25020555%9044 / 229 / 17work, be, talk, listen, make
torture584855%8152 / 423 / 17have, be, see, watch, wait
a blast454948%2238 / 207 / 20play, work, do, see, watch
a nightmare649241%11631 / 2819 / 27try, get, raise, cook, be
a real pleasure9515937%321 / 211 / 3work, meet, talk, have, speak
a problem11419537%3219 / 1234 / 36get, find, go, have, take
much fun13624436%127 / 284 / 11be, have, watch, do, go
a waste of time10619835%13522 / 1615 / 22try, talk, go, have, come
a risk356834%8651 / 3814 / 10take, do, try, go, have
great fun439531%035 / 3012 / 24be, have, work, do, run
no problem358928%7640 / 2529 / 40get, finish, come, put, haul
a good feeling217522%419 / 275 / 3know, get, be+過分, wonder, come
a great feeling238621%1026 / 174 / 5know, be, walk, wait, do
a bitch2610220%6358 / 194 / 17get, try, find, work, get up
a pleasure8633,40720%6232 / 173 / 6work, do, talk, have, be
a pain4018418%15622 / 2412 / 18have, get, try, look, deal
such pleasure4822518%846 / 152 / 2work, have, get, meet, do
no big deal147616%837 / 297 / 8fly, teach, go out, claim, tell
a great pleasure5139312%424 / 84 / 4meet, have, know, talk, work
an idea118611%3254 / 80 / 67be+過分, float, wait, gain
a delight2016411%1225 / 275 / 2speak, have, watch, talk, see
a big deal2218511%19136 / 270 / 11get, go, come, have, turn
a challenge6356910%37121 / 2014 / 24get, keep, try, be, hide
a big mistake9899%3189 / 2011 / 34bring in, hang out, step, acknowledge, be
a treat131369%3731 / 340 / 8have, find, watch, get, rank
a struggle414408%4942 / 517 / 8get, try, find, come, look
a joy313328%3139 / 330 / 7have, work, watch, see, help
a thrill121567%1350 / 350 / 4see, come, visit, go up, experience
an honor1582,1937%3423 / 161 / 9serve, meet, be, have, work
a mistake1361,9606%29983 / 422 / 24come, let, bring, have, get
a waste152156%3220 / 117 / 45try, have, put, see, talk
such good idea71166%1371 / 360 / 7come, have, date, give, discuss
an honour295145%1921 / 150 / 11serve, have, know, work, be
such honor91705%133 / 120 / 2meet, have, listen, sing, be
such relief91835%322 / 420 / 6have, know, eat, talk, sit
a bad idea328284%25166 / 213 / 32go, come, have, bring, try
a privilege236004%6122 / 200 / 4be, work, play, have, serve
a great honor103043%1560 / 110 / 5meet, be, serve, write, be+過分
a relief309483%3943 / 573 / 12know, have, tell, get out, be
a great honour31043%20 / 140 / 7serve, meet, have+過分
more fun83023%025 / 1012 / 14do, make, work, bother, be
a great idea145872%6936 / 207 / 50turn, have, do, introduce, come
a shame151,4091%1020 / 97 / 49cut, watch, have, let, treat
a good idea516,4411%43737 / 172 / 37go, take, have, get, come
a better idea01390%6 / 15 / 50

9him V-ing / his V-ing(意味上の主語つき)

10教える順番の提案

  1. worth V-ing(V-ing 専用・to は誤り扱いでよい)
  2. 感想の形容詞 + V-ingIt was nice / great / good / fun / weird / awkward / scary / hard / tough seeing … → 「もうやった(やっている)ことの感想」。別れ際の It was nice talking to you / It's been great working with you
  3. 同じ形容詞で to do は「一般論・これから」It would be nice to … / It's hard to believe … / It's fun to travel
  4. not easy being / not safe V-ing の否定定型。
  5. important / necessary / possible / impossible / illegal は It is ~ V-ing にしない。動名詞なら前に出す(Being on time is important)。
  6. 名詞述語:no use / no good / a waste of time は V-ing、a good idea / a mistake / an honor は to。

11注意点(数値の限界)